Outline
I. INTRODUCTION - Television is a great asset to many people.
II. BODY - TV is Born, Television鈥檚 Revolution, Television Now
A. How TV was Created
1. Inventors
A. Willoughby Smith
B. Philo Farnsworth
C. Paul Gottlieb
B. Television鈥檚 Revolution
1. Kinds of television
A. Mechanical color television
I. John Logie Baird
B. Electronic color television
I. Werner Flechsig
C. Television Now
1. Television Sets
2. Broadcast television
A. United States
III. CONCLUSION
A. Analytical summary
1. Works Cited
2. Glossary
How TV was Created
The origins today's television system can be traced back to the discovery of the television system by Willoughby Smith in 1873, the invention of a scanning disk by Paul Gottlieb Nipkow in 1884, and Philo Farnsworth's Image dissector in 1927.The 20-year old German university student Nipkow proposed and patented the first electromechanical television system in 1884. Nipkow's spinning disk design. Constantin Perskyi had invented the word television in a paper read to the International Electricity Congress at the International World Fair in Paris on August 25, 1900. Perskyi's paper reviewed the existing electromechanical technologies, mentioning the work of Nipkow and others. Nipkow's scanning disks were first for practical use in the electronic transmission of still pictures and photographs, and by the first decade of the 20th century halftone photographs were being transmitted by a copy over telegraph and telephone lines as a newspaper service.
However, it wasn't until 1907 that developments in amplification tube technology made the design practical. The first demonstration of the instantaneous transmission of still images was by Georges Rignoux and A. Fournier in Paris in 1909, using a rotating mirror-drum as the scanner, and a matrix of 64 selenium cells as the receiver.
In 1911, Boris Rosing and his student Vladimir Kosma Zworykin created a television system that used a mechanical mirror-drum scanner to transmit, in Zworykin's words, "very crude images" over wires to the electronic Braun tube in the receiver. Moving images were not possible because, in the scanner, the sensitivity was not enough and the selenium cell was very laggy.
On March 25, 1925, Scottish inventor John Logie Baird gave a demonstration of televised images in motion at Selfridge's Department Store in London ,but if television is defined as the transmission of live, moving, half-tone images and not , still images. Baird first achieved this privately on October 2, 1925. Then he gave the world's first public demonstration of a working television system to members of the Royal Institution and a newspaper reporter on January 26, 1926 at his laboratory in London. Unlike later electronic systems with several hundred lines of resolution, Baird's vertically scanned image, using a scanning disk embedded with a double spiral of lenses, had only 30 lines, just enough to reproduce a recognizable human face.
In 1927, Baird transmitted a signal over 438 miles of telephone line between London and Glasgow. In 1928, Baird's company (Baird Television Development Company / Cinema Television) broadcast the first transatlantic television signal, between London and New York, and the first shore-to-ship transmission. He also demonstrated an electromechanical color, infrared , and stereoscopic television, using additional lenses, disks and filters. In parallel, Baird developed a video disk recording system. A number of the Phonovision recordings, dating back to 1927, still exist. In 1929, he became involved in the first experimental electromechanical television service in Germany.
In November 1929, Baird and Bernard Natan of Pathe established France's first television company, T茅l茅vision-Baird-Natan. In 1931, he made the first live transmission, of the Epsom Derby. In 1932, he demonstrated ultra-short wave television. Baird's electromechanical system reached a peak of 240 lines of resolution on BBC television broadcasts in 1936, before being discontinued in favor of a 405-line all-electronic system developed by Marconi-EMI.
Television鈥檚 Revolution
Most television researchers appreciated the value of color image transmission, with an early patent application in Russia in 1889 for a mechanically-scanned color system showing how early the importance of color was realized. John Logie Baird demonstrated the world's first color transmission on July 3, 1928, using scanning discs at the transmitting and receiving ends with three spirals of apertures, each spiral with filters of a different primary color; and three light sources at the receiving end, with a commutator to alternate their illumination. Baird also made the world's first color broadcast on February 4, 1938, sending a mechanically scanned 120-line image from Baird's Crystal Palace studios to a projection screen at London's Dominion Theatre.
In 1938 the shadow mask color television was patented by Werner Flechsig in Germany, and was demonstrated at the International radio exhibition Berlin in 1939. The analog color televisions we use today are based on this technology. On August 16, 1944, Baird gave the first demonstration of a fully electronic color television display. His 600-line color system used triple interlacing, using six scans to build each picture.
Television Now
In television's electromechanical era, commercially made television sets were sold from 1928 to 1934 in the United Kingdom, United States, and Russia. The earliest commercially made sets sold by Baird in the UK in 1928 were radios with the addition of a television device consisting of a neon tube behind a mechanically spinning disk (the Nipkow disk) with a spiral of apertures that produced a red postage-stamp size image, enlarged to twice that size by a magnifying glass. The Baird "Televisor" was also available without the radio. The Televisor sold in 1930鈥?933 is considered the first mass-produced set, selling about a thousand units.
The first regularly scheduled television service in the United States began on July 2, 1928. The Federal Radio Commission authorized C.F. Jenkins to broadcast from experimental station W3XK in Wheaton, Maryland, a suburb of Washington, D.C. But for at least the first eighteen months, only silhouette images from motion picture film were broadcast.
Work Cited
Abramson, Albert. The History of Television, 1880 to 1941. (1987). Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co.
鈥?History of Television鈥? Wikipedia. 22 May. 2008 <>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_...
Glossary
Transmission - the act or process of transmitting something, especially radio signals, radio or television broadcasts, data, or a disease
Halftone - a photoengraving process by which shading is produced by photographing an image through a screen, then etching a plate so that the shading is reproduced as dots
Amplification - the act or process of making a spoken or written account fuller or clearer
Instantaneous - occurring immediately or almost immediately
Selenium - a nonmetallic chemical element that occurs in several forms ranging from a red powder to gray-black crystals. It is an essential trace element, although toxic in excess, and is used in photocells and photocopiers owing to its light-sensitive properties.
Stereoscopic - involving, producing, or resembling the effects of seeing something as three dimensional
Illumination - the provision of light to make something visible or bright, or the fact of being lit up
Interlacing - to join together or interweave, often in an intricate pattern, by crossing over each other, or to cause two or more things to do this
Commercially - in commercial terms or from a profit-making point of view
Silhouette - an outline of somebody or something filled in with black or a dark color on a light background, especially when done as a likeness or work of art wikipedia is really bad because they an change around the info so it is wrng it all looks great! you're an amazing writer. you have nothing to worry about
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